Distinguishing Between Fibroids And Endometriosis — A Clinical Overview
(By: Dr. Sakshi Goel Chakraborty)
As a gynecologist, I often encounter patients with symptoms such as pelvic discomfort, abnormal menstrual bleeding, or fertility concerns. Two frequently diagnosed conditions that can present similarly are fibroids and endometriosis. Although their symptoms may overlap, these disorders differ significantly in cause, behaviour, and therapeutic approach.
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Understanding Uterine Fibroids:
Fibroids are benign tumors composed of smooth muscle and connective tissue that form within or on the uterus. They are especially prevalent in women during their reproductive years and can range in size from tiny nodules to large masses. Fibroids are categorised based on their location — within the uterine wall (intramural), protruding into the uterine cavity (submucosal), or bulging outward from the uterus (subserosal).
Typical signs include:
- Excessive or prolonged menstrual bleeding
- Pelvic heaviness or discomfort
- Increased frequency of urination
- Constipation
- Potential impact on fertility or pregnancy
Diagnosis is usually achieved through pelvic imaging techniques such as ultrasound or MRI. Treatment strategies depend on symptom severity, the fibroids’ size and location, and patient preferences. Options may include hormonal therapy, non-invasive procedures, or surgical interventions like myomectomy or hysterectomy.
Understanding Endometriosis:
Endometriosis is a condition in which tissue resembling the uterine lining grows outside the uterus, often affecting pelvic organs like the ovaries, fallopian tubes, and bowel. Unlike fibroids, endometriosis is often associated with chronic pain and inflammation.
Common symptoms are:
- Severe menstrual cramps
- Pain during intercourse
- Ongoing pelvic pain
- Difficulty conceiving
Diagnosis typically involves laparoscopy, allowing direct visualisation and sampling of the lesions. Management may include hormonal medications, pain relief, and surgical removal of abnormal tissue.
Dr. Sakshi goel chakraborty is a senior consultant - obstetrician & gynecologist at Madhukar Rainbow Children's Hospital
[Disclaimer: The information provided in the article, including treatment suggestions shared by doctors, is intended for general informational purposes only. It is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified healthcare provider with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition.]
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