Nasha-Mukt Bharat: Lofty goals, lingering gaps

Drug abuse is a serious public health problem in the country, particularly in some states, including Punjab. This subject has been a matter of serious concern and political discussion in Punjab for many years. The most vulnerable group is the young generation. Punjab, which was a transit state initially, is now a consumer state. Easy access, unemployment, absence of political will and vested interests of some for easy money are possibly the main factors responsible for the growth of this menace. There is also a conspiracy to spread drug abuse from across the border, virtually drug terrorism.

Dependence on any intoxicant not only affects the individual’s health but also disrupts the whole family. As such, it is a very serious psychosocial and medical problem.

The solution to drug abuse control includes the reduction of both supply and demand. Of course, it also involves special care and support for the victim addicts. Supply and demand reduction constitutes a two-pronged action for handling this social disease. The reduction of supply depends on the efforts of the law enforcement and investigating authorities, whereas demand reduction involves primary preventive efforts and social integration.

Recent efforts of the state to handle the supply arm are praiseworthy. Earlier also, half-hearted efforts have been done, but exposure of the possible link between the drug mafia and the law enforcement authorities has only shown cosmetic results. Hopefully, this time the efforts will be pursued seriously, including in cooperation with the adjoining states till the desired results are achieved.

To reduce the demand, dedicated efforts based on local social set-up and culture are needed. Various studies show that the age of 16-21 years is quite sensitive and vulnerable insofar as developing the habit of consuming alcohol/drugs is concerned. This age group spends most of the time in high school/college or at home.

The departments of education and health as well as local social set-ups can, thus, play an important role in reducing the demand for drugs. Education and awareness about drug abuse at the school and college levels should be prioritised. Along with health professionals, teachers of social science, physical education and psychology can be tasked with this responsibility. The promotion of health and social well-being among individuals includes a wide variety of appropriate interventions, education and awareness about the ill effects of drug abuse. Emphasis must be laid on the benefits of following a healthy lifestyle, including diet and regular sports, in this preventive programme.

Another important aspect of demand reduction is restricting access to these substances. It is important to restrict access of even alcohol to the younger people as its use leads to the intake of other substances. The law does not permit people below the age of 21 to buy or drink alcohol. Unfortunately, these restrictions are not followed strictly by the law authorities.

If the drug costs more, there are fewer drug users and the demand is low for illegal drugs. However, low availability of one drug may result in the abuse of other available substances. Thus, efforts are needed to reduce access to all such substances, including alcohol.

The alcohol business has become an attractive revenue-earning mode in most states. The governments do not realise the serious ill effects of alcohol on health and its economy. Revenue generation from alcohol business is counterproductive. It is, thus, important to strictly follow the rules for alcohol use in youngsters. Liquor shops must be kept at a fair distance from educational institutes.

An dedicated group of experts at the state level may help in planning, supervising and monitoring the drug demand reduction programme. The recent padyatra undertaken by the Governor of Punjab to make people aware of the menace of this is commendable and would help in spreading awareness in the community. Earlier, a cycle rally was held at Sangrur under the command of the Chief Minister and Finance Minister of Punjab.

In Haryana, the Chief Minister is undertaking cycle rallies to create awareness about drug abuse. Such efforts create an awareness impact and encourage the active involvement of the society. The community involvement, both in cities and villages, should be a major agenda.

Unemployment is another factor which forces the young people to drug addiction. Skill-based courses, which can ensure employment options to the young generation, must be started in colleges. The skilled workers should be supported and guided in gaining employment not only at the state level but also across the country and abroad.

The National Drug Demand Reduction Programme (DDRP) includes information, awareness campaigns, education and early intervention in victims. The Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment has been implementing the central scheme for the prevention of alcoholism and drug abuse.

The first national survey on the extent and pattern of substance use in India was released in February 2019. As per the report, alcohol is the most commonly used psychoactive substance.

The Social Welfare Ministry has formulated the National Action Plan for Drug Demand Reduction (NAPDDR-2018-2025).

The Nasha-Mukt Bharat Abhiyan aims to educate, inform and communicate valid and accurate information about drug abuse among the masses, with a special focus on youth and women. The programme was launched by the Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment on August 15, 2020. But we have yet to see its results on the ground level.

The drug demand reduction programme depends on political will and community cooperation. The victims and their families also need a humane approach. The therapeutic efforts need to be evidence-based to avoid quackery.

The efforts of the Punjab Government and the adjoining states must continue with commitment and seriousness. The communities must unite, irrespective of political linkages, in their efforts to get rid of this menace and save the future generations.

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